Biomass Gasifier
From Swikipedia
Introduction
A gasifier is a reactor that converts biomass into clean gaseous fuel called producer gas (having calorific value of the order of 1000–1200 kilocalories per normalized cubic metre). Biomass Gasifiers make use of Wood Waste, Agricultural Waste, Coconut Waste, Rice Husk, and many other such feed stock materials, giving way to 80% of the diesel (Gasoline) used in a generator set. This is accomplished at very high conversion efficiency and hence the direct fuel consumption is very low.
Brief Description
There are three types of gasifiers: updraft, downdraft and crossdraft. In downdraft gasifiers (popularly used in Indian markets), air intake and bionmass is fed at the top. Biomass moves down as the process proceeds. The first stage consists of drying through pyrolysis oxidation and reduction. The hot gas coming out of the Gasifier has significant carry over of ash and soot particles. The gas is passed through cyclone and scrubber for cleaning and cooling. The clean and cool gas is than further passed through fine filter and fed into a diesel generating set to run the engine or for direct heat application.
The available biomass in India (excluding animal residues) can support electrical power plants of 16 000 megawatts. The biomass-based gasifier technology carries an environment-friendly and sustainable solution to the power crisis in rural India. It can reduce the use of fossil fuels in village applications. The technology can recycle bio-waste, be localized, and made available on demand without the need for separate storage. It also provides livelihood opportunities to the local population through various activities—biomass generation, processing, and operation of the plant.
References:
http://www.biomassgasifier.com/
http://www.teriin.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=59
