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The design of a building has a significant impact on the material and energy requirements, both, during the construction and operation phases. The shape of the building, the land area to volume ratio, the orientation of the building, etc., all contribute to a determination of the quantity of material required for construction, and the energy requirements when the building is occupied. Designers need to assess the environmental impact and economics of different forms and designs of buildings to arrive at the optimal solution. Implementing energy-efficient building technologies and efficient construction techniques can reduce construction wastage for the same built-up area of the structure, compared to conventional designs. In terms of energy consumption, it would lead to reduction in cooling, heating and lighting requirements inside the building. Therefore, the main objective is to emphasize sustainability as an integral part of the form and construction of the building.
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